Everything about Lanuvium totally explained
Lanuvium (more frequently
Lanivium in
Imperial Roman times, later
Civita Lavinia, modern
Lanuvio) is an ancient city of
Latium, some 32 km southeast of
Rome, a little southwest of the
Via Appia.
Lanuvium was situated on an isolated hill projecting south from the main mass of the
Alban Hills, and commanding an extensive view over the low country between it and the sea. According to the legend, it was founded by
Diomedes, or by one Lanoios, an exiled from
Troy. The first documented traces of the settlement dates however from the 9th century BC. In the 6th century BC it was part of
Latin League.
It warred against
Rome at the battle of Aricia (504 BC) and
Lake Regillus (496 BC) and again in 383 and 341 BC, mostly with negative outcomes. In 338 BC it was conquered by Rome. At first it didn't enjoy the right of Roman
citizenship, but acquired it later; and even in imperial times its chief magistrate and municipal council kept the titles of
dictator and
senatus respectively.
It was especially famous for its rich and much venerated temple of
Juno Sospes, from which
Octavian borrowed money in
31 BC, and the possessions of which extended as far as the seacoast. It possessed many other temples, repaired by
Antoninus Pius, who was born close by, as was also
Commodus. Other people who sojourned in Lanuvium include
Marcus Aemilius Lepidus,
Marcus Iunius Brutus and
Marcus Aurelius.
The edict of
Theodosius I (391 AD), which made Christianism the sole religion of the Roman Empire, caused the decay of the city, which was later abandoned.
Remains of the ancient theatre and of the
city walls exist in the modern town, and above it's an area surrounded by a
portico, in
opus reticulatum, upon the north side of which is a rectangular building in
opus quadratum, probably connected with the temple of
Juno. Here archaic decorative
terracottas were discovered. The
acropolis of the primitive city was probably on the highest point above the temple to the north. The neighborhood, which is now covered with
vineyards, contains remains of many
Roman villas, one of which is traditionally attributed to Antoninus Pius.
Further Information
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